Racial Profiling And African Americans Essay - 1706 Words

The word niggeris the most inapporiate racial slur according to dictionary.com, which has meant to belittle African Americans. Leaving many individuals to be beat, lynched, or even the victim of arson based upon racially motivated attacks within black communities; for instance â€Å"the reaction towards the news of Booker T. Washington dining in White House, Senator Benjamin Tillman of South Carolina predicted (Kennedy, pg 15), â€Å"The action of President Roosevelt in entertaining that nigger will necessitate our killing a thousand niggers in the South before they will learn their place again†(Kennedy, pg 77). Allowing countless features of the slur within countless jokes, cartoons, and the performing arts; which reflects stereotypes and encourages the downing of Afro-Americans. Essentially the signature phrase of racial prejudice, specifically in racial identified court cases of black individuals. Leaving the United States to accept the public display of inhumane actions and verbal usage; for instance, Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sandford, which ruled â€Å"that African Americans were permanently ineligible for federal citizenship†(Kenned, pg 63). These decisions and lack of appeals surrounding the cases allowed for racial insult and oppression of a national policy that make a specific race â€Å"inferior†. However, like most words the context for the derogatory word is in the moment of reclaimed by the black community and beyond. Although, the lack of evidence when the itself termShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling And African Americans1128 Words   |  5 Pagestargeting African Americans. Every few months there seems to be another shooting, another protest. Your men are here to protect and serve New York City but now the NYPD is looking like the bad guys. In order to have peace in the city, the racial profiling needs to stop. This memo is to inform you on the discrimination happenings that occur against African Americans, which ta ke place right the New York City’s streets. This letter also contains evidence and ways to stop the racial profiling among theRead MoreRacial Profiling And African Americans1897 Words   |  8 Pagestreatment of African Americans. The protesting has called attention to the ghastly reality that African Americans still face an ongoing struggle and receive inferior treatment. Violent events occurring years after the 1960 s Civil Rights Movement—from the beating of Rodney King to the homicide of Trayvon Martin and the countless crimes in between—all reveal evidence of how African Americans are victims of injustices. While substantial progress has occurred in obtaining equality for African Americans duringRead MoreRacial Profiling Against African Americans1614 Words   |  7 PagesIs Racial Profiling Justified Racial Profiling Against African Americans Racial profiling is simply, â€Å"the unlawful police practice of using race, color, or ethnic background, as the reason for conducting a traffic stop on an individual.† (Michigan Civil Rights Commission) This definition can be extended to any kind of discrimination mainly based on myths and stereotypes towards a certain race or ethnicity. However, the term racial profiling is commonly used when a police officer or anyRead MoreRacial Profiling and the African American Male1808 Words   |  8 PagesRacial Profiling and Male African Americans Tanika Williams SOC/120 March 4, 2012 Renisha Gibbs Racial Profiling and Male African Americans What comes to your mind when you think of an interaction an authoritative figure (police, teacher, principal)? In the African American community it is usually fear and anxiety of the motive of the authoritative figure, especially if you are a male. The intersection of race and gender for the African American male provides a basis for premature judgmentRead MoreRacial Profiling and Male African Americans1945 Words   |  8 PagesRacial Profiling and Male African Americans Racial profiling has been and will continue to be a problem in the United States. Many believe that racial profiling is more prevalent in today’s society; however, this issue has been a part of our society since slavery. Moreover, African American males are mostly the targets of racial profiling, especially in larger cities like New York City and Los Angeles. Racial profiling is becoming a huge problem within the police departments. Police officers areRead MoreRacial Profiling And The African American Community Essay2673 Words   |  11 PagesThe African-American community has endured a notable amount of troublesome tribulations, primarily in cultural identity. The wide array of challenges that minorities undergo when classifying a specific race is illogical, and rather insane. The struggle, hassle, and strain placed on minorities for embracing their identity will continuously be stereotyped or judged by a non-oppressed individual, or better yet our modern society. The ongoi ng list of imperfections a minority is labeled with when classifyingRead MoreRacial Profiling And The African American Community937 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to the African American community in the United States, the identifying term Nigger is one that has many meanings, but no matter the meaning, its use is usually met with controversy (The Racial Slur Database Nigger). Kaffir is a South African identifying term that also refers to those of African descent, and of a darker skin tone, and is filled with the same social controversy (The Racial Slur Database Kaffir). Two articles found on the internet, one from Florida and one from SouthRead MoreRacial Profiling : A Survey Of African American Police Officers1536 Words   |  7 PagesRead the article: Racial Profiling: A Survey of African American Police Officers(Barlow Barlow, 2002). Using concepts from chapters 1-6 as the basis for your analysis, in a narrative format of 750 or more words, summarize: †¨(a) the resea rch problem, †¨(b) the literature review, †¨(c) data-gathering strategy, †¨(d) any hypotheses, †¨(e) the dependent and independent variable in one of the cause-effect relationships tested by the researchers, †¨(f) how the dependent and independent variable were operationalizedRead MoreRacial Profiling : The National Institute Of Justice Essay1311 Words   |  6 Pages Racial Profiling in U.S History Selyna Copeland Professor Dora Leal Social Science 180 10 November, 2016 The National Institute of Justice (â€Å"Racial Profiling†) stated that racial profiling, which is a form of discrimination, racism, and stereotypes is when law enforcement, based on a person’s race, ethnicity, national origin, or religion targets a person for suspicion of crimes. Today people can turn on their television, go online, and even listen to their radios and they will hear aboutRead MoreProfessional Racism and Discrimination1117 Words   |  5 PagesDepartment has a reputation for using race as a basis to catch criminals. Racial profiling is the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for believing an individual is suspicious of committing a crime. Discriminatory or abusive behavior towards people of color affects the justice system and violates people’s human rights. The LAPD continues to use racial profiling against mostly African-Americans and Latinos. The use of racial profiling by the LAPD prevents the police from serving the whole community. Because

Parenting Essay - 1792 Words

Every parent has his own personal philosophy of child rearing. Many issues are controversial because there are supporting facts to both opinions. One major issue in today’s society is whether to breast or bottle feed an infant. Another difficult issue is how to discipline a child. Some parents believe that spanking in certain situations is acceptable, and some view it as child abuse. Many parents believe religion is an essential part of growing into a moral person, and many do not. Family meals are important to some families, and unnecessary to others. Another big controversy is placing a child in daycare. Some couples believe it is completely wrong for the mother to work outside the home. Other couples say that without two incomes, they†¦show more content†¦Children who are spanked by loving parents tend to appreciate that they were spanked (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 1994). Spanking can accomplish the immediate task of stopping the misbehavior and gaining the childâ €™s attention (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 1994). A child that is loved will not resent a well deserved spanking, but a child that is unloved or ignored will hate all types of discipline (To Spank Or Not To Spank, 1994). I do not think it is necessary to spank in every circumstance. I believe other means of discipline are necessary in many instances. The more a child is spanked, the less the spanking will mean ( To Spank Or Not To Spank, 1994). Time outs or reduced privileges can be very effective in some situations. I know that when I was a child, it upset me considerably to be put on restriction or have more chores for that week. Being disciplined taught me to not repeat misbehavior. I also think religion was a contributing part of my learning to not misbehave. I think religion is an important part of a child’s nurturing. I plan to raise my child in a Baptist church. Religion will particularly impact my child’s life because my husband plans to become a pastor. I be lieve raising my child in a loving, Christian environment will empower him to become a better person. We can teach him morals and values that he might not receive otherwise. The Holy Bible states â€Å"Fathers, do not exasperate your children; instead, bring them up in the trainingShow MoreRelatedParenting Practices Essay1002 Words   |  5 PagesJanet Michelle Lewis Parenting Practices April 12, 2014 PARENTING PRACTICES Parenting a child is a very important role. Parents teach a child how to behave and they provide the needs for the child. Parenting practices varies from generation to generation. In the chart below I have described parenting practices over generations in my family.    | Generation 1: Years (1960-1970) | Generation 2: Years(1980-2000) | Generation 3: Years(2000-2014) | Parenting Practice 1: Education | MediumRead More Teen Parenting Essay608 Words   |  3 Pages Why Teen Parenting should be delayed? Raising a child isnt an easy thing to do. Raising a child while the parents are still in their teens is even harder. Dealing with the day to day chores that involves a baby and trying to work and get an education is very stressful on any teen. Teen Parenting should be delayed because it is very difficult to handle, some can’t handle it. One of my friends is a teen mom, and she wouldnt wish a teen pregnancy on any teen. Trying to work, go to school, raiseRead More Parenting Styles and Childrens Development Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesParenting Styles and Childrens Development There are several parenting styles which guide children throughout their life. These parenting styles can be either good or bad and this will have an effect on the child; either a positive or a negative one. This essay investigates the parenting styles from which emerge questions about the role of the mother and the father. It also focuses on the ways that either too much mothering or too much fathering might have an effect on the child’s identityRead MoreParenting and culture Essay1595 Words   |  7 Pagesone side, supporters of the argument for the universality of parenting suggest that certain types of parenting styles will produce the same child development outcomes in different cultures. On the other hand, the argument for cultural specificity states that different parenting practices vary from culture to culture, and that culture ultimately determines the outcomes of child development. Each culture has specific styles of parenting that instill values on children partic ular to that culture. EachRead More Single Parenting Essay example1614 Words   |  7 PagesSingle Parenting Single parents and their children constitute a rapidly increasing population. In the past single parenting was seen as a broken system, these units today provide a viable alternative to nuclear families (Kleist, 1999, p. 1). In looking at the characteristics of single parents raising healthy children, I will describe some of the challenges unique to single parenting, and review positive parenting techniques shown to be effective. Social Development has not prepared individualsRead MoreEssay on The Importance of Good Parenting1393 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Parenting style is one of the most attributed issues when dealing with care for children by their own parents. Parents should be always knowledgeable about the impact of proper parenting so that their child will grow productively. In this case, the level of parenting issues can help to improve the process of child’s learning development. This paper is going to discuss at least three parenting style for children in order to explore more about these proper parenting styles, which couldRead MoreEssay about Successful Parenting 616 Words   |  3 Pagesto parents. In spite of extensive effort that some parent make, it still presents many unanswered problems. Children learn how to become adults from the parents. Successful parenting requires the parents to have some very important qualities and characteristics. There are so many characteristics and qualities of parenting, but only three of them stand out: a high sense morality, support and good leadership. Having a good perspective of life comes from having good morals. ChildrenRead MoreParenting for the Second Time Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesParenting can be a challenge the first time around, but many parents are finding themselves parenting for a second time, this time around, as the child’s grandparents. Grandparents may assume the role of parent for their child’s children when there are problems of substance abuse, abuse and neglect, incarceration, HIV/AIDS, mental illness, divorce, and death. (Dolbin-MacNab, 2006, p.1) Grandparents usually are not expecting to have to parent again, this is the time most are enjoying their new foundRead MoreEssay on Parenting Styles1429 Words   |  6 PagesParenting is defined as rearing of a child by giving special care, love, and guidance by a parent. (Merriam-Webster) Parenting usually starts when a couple has a beautiful by-product of their mutual love and respect with each other. When a child comes into someones life, parenting is usually a necessity when it comes to nurturing a beautiful, and a healthy child. A lot of responsibilities, sacrifices, and hard work are attached to parenting. There are four parenting styles that couples practicesRead MoreEssay on Permissive Parenting1241 Words   |  5 Pagespermissive parenting style. Parenting styles are very important when raising your children. The parenting style that a parent uses can change the entire outcome of the child in the future because parenting styles can change how the child reacts to situations or makes decisions. The goal of the message in my PSA is to have parents understand that a permissive style of parenting is not a good idea. The permissive style of parenting may seem like a good idea to ignorant, new parents, but the parenting style

Why Is It Important That We Distinguish Between...

Describe in your own words what appropriation is and what role and implications it has in the making of contemporary art. Appropriation is where you use reference to an artist’s work, within your own. This is the use of borrowed elements as a reproduction of someone’s ideas, thoughts and subject matter. It is a direct and intentional decision to re-contextualise and ‘appropriate’ the artwork creating a new and unique work. It must be clear that this artworks ideas have been sought from a previous artwork, they must make reference to the original artworks artist. Why is it important that we distinguish between appropriation and copying or visual Plagiarism? This is important to protect a creator s moral and economic rights and integrity of their work: So they are recognised as the creator of their work (no one else is identified as the creator) able to protect their work from derogatory treatment; inappropriate modification, distortion or other interference with its integrity. Appropriation is not copying or visual plagiarism. In the collaborative work by Martin Sharp and Tim Lewis pictured below. Describe this work in relation to your understanding of the issues related to appropriation. Martin Sharp and Tim Lewis’s 1973 Synthetic polymer painting â€Å"Marilyn† clearly borrows elements and re-contextualises both Vincent Van Gogh’s infamous 1888 Oil Painting â€Å"Sunflowers† and Andy Warhol’s Marilyn. The 1968 Copyright Act protects original artists from having their workShow MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography: Plagiarism39529 Words   |  158 Pagesï » ¿Plagiarism Bibliography Buckwalter, J. A., Wright, T., Mogoanta, L. and Alman, B. (2012), Plagiarism: An assault on the integrity of scientific research. J. Orthop. Res., 30:  1867 1868. Granitz, N. and Loewy, D. (2007). Applying Ethical Theories: Interpreting and Responding to Student Plagiarism. Journal of Business Ethics, 72(3), 293-306. Luke, B. and Kearins, K. (2012), Attribution of words versus attribution of responsibilities: Academic plagiarism and university practice. Vaccine, 30(50):Read MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesobjectives. 2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After reading the unit, you will understand how: †¢ †¢ †¢ To learn the evolution of marketing as a discipline To understand the reasons why marketing is considered important in this era To assess the various marketing approaches and principles 3. MARKETING MANAGEMENT: Marketing has evolved into a very important functional area in management basically due to the increasing supply and lower demand over the years. This is primarily through the competitive intensity in everyRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesTraining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 Training and Staff Development for Established Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Performance Appraisals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Why Appraisals Are Done . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 When to Do Appraisals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Who Does the Appraisals?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Problems in Rating. . . . . . . .

The Awakening Analysis - 997 Words

In the Nineteenth-century women faced many challenges; they were expected â€Å"to live their lives largely homebound, taking care of the cooking, cleaning, and child rearing.†(4) But in Kate Chopin The Awakening, the main character Edna is conflicted with her urges and what society expects of her. The novel was written to challenge the stereotypical rules that controlled the roles of men and women. The Awakening was published in 1899, and was set in the Creole part of Louisiana, and during this time women were still considered to be the property of their husbands. The woman had no say so in any conversation they could only go with what thier husbands wanted. The Awakening is story that shows the life of Mrs. Edna Pontellier, a woman that is†¦show more content†¦Furthermore at a young age a woman is groomed to become submissive to their husbands,and their responsibilities in a household. Also â€Å"women in the nineteenth-century were considered week not only physically but also mentally†(1). Therefore they were expected to carry out domestic rules such as cooking, cleaning, taking care of the children, and being subsive to their husbands. Adele Ratignolle was a simi perfect representation of a nineteenth-century women. She â€Å"idolizes her children and worships her husband, centering her life around caring for them and performing her domestic duties.†(8) But most of all she is the ideal Creole wife and also has Creole Manners, which consists of following very strict codes defined by religion. So with the rules being so tough a certain amount of freedom of expression is expected. A Creole lady can talk openly abou t affairs, pregnancy, and undergarments and all the intimacies of life is excepted. Mrs. Pontellier would spend her summers at the Grand Isle with her children, like she does every year. But this time it was different she had met a man named Robert Lebrun and While she was learning how to swim it gave her a source of independence and she liked it which made her realize that the life she is living is not the one she wants. As her trip progresses and Robert leaves for mexico she comes into contact with another man, but the feelings are not the same. These activities she is doing with these men are frowned uponShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Awakening 949 Words   |  4 Pagesand discriminating stereotypes are often praised for this fearless selflessness. These women give other women hope for a future where they will be considered equal to men. They rise against all oppression that is wrong and unjust. In the novel The Awakening Edna Pontellier is seen as a feminist, her rebellion to everything she believed was oppression marked an impression on the readers. Yet is it correct to refer to Edna as a feminist? Does she rebel against oppression for the good of the oppressedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Awakening 1032 Words   |  5 PagesIn Chopin’s novel, The Awakening, she writes about a woman’s desire to find and live fully within her true self during the 1890s in Louisiana. The woman, Edna Pontellier, is trying to find herself in the masculine society of Louisiana, leading her to cause friction with friends, family and the Creole society. Edna begins to feel a change; she begins to feel like a whole person with wants, interests and desires. She learns that she is not comfortable with being a wife and mother. The imagery of theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Awakening 949 Words   |  4 Pagesand discriminating stereotypes are often praised for this fearless selflessness. These women give other women hope for a future where they will be considered equal to men. They rise against all oppression that is wrong and unjust. In the novel The Awakening Edna Pontellier is seen as a feminist, her rebellion to everything she believed was oppression marked an impression on the readers. Yet is it correct to refer to Edna as a feminist? Does she rebel against oppression for the good of the oppressedRead MoreThe Awakening Critical Analysis1596 Words   |  7 Pages The Awakening by Kate Chopin Critical Analysis The novel, The Awakening by Kate Chopin, was written during the late 19th century, when the feminist movement was in its infancy. During that era, the novel was yet to be discovered and the few considered it as a disgrace. Many thought that it portrayed a negative example of how a women should think and behave. Women during that era expected the book to be more â€Å"sophisticated† and â€Å"ladylike,† but Chopin had a different view of how women shouldRead MoreFeminist Analysis Of The Awakening 1438 Words   |  6 PagesComposition 10 March 2016 Feminist Analysis of The Awakening In The Awakening, Kate Chopin creates a protagonist that clearly demonstrates a feminist. The protagonist, Edna Pontellier seeks more from life than what she is living and starts to refuse the standards of the society she lives in. Edna has many moments of awakening resulting in creating a new person for herself. She starts to see the life of freedom and individuality she wants to live. The Awakening encourages feminism as a way for womenRead MoreThe Awakening Historicism Analysis968 Words   |  4 PagesA New Historicism Analysis of The Awakening Kate Chopin’s The Awakening is a story written in the late 19th century about a woman named Edna becoming independent and finding herself in a time when women had little to no rights and people saw them as the property of their husband. This is a new historicism literary criticism, analyzing how what was going on in the time period influenced this novel. Racism, sexism, and feminism were all going on at this time and therefore influenced it greatly. DuringRead MoreWolffs Analysis of Chopins The Awakening647 Words   |  3 PagesWolff’s Analysis of Chopin’s The Awakening In her essay Un-Utterable Longing: The Discourse of Feminine Sexuality in Kate Chopins The Awakening, Cynthia Griffin Wolff creates what Ross Murfin describes as a critical whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. (376) By employing a variety of critical approaches (including feminist, gender, cultural, new historicism, psychoanalytic and deconstruction) Wolff offers the reader a more complete (albeit complex) explanation of Edna PontelliersRead More Critical Analysis of The Awakening Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis of The Awakening The Awakening, by Kate Chopin, is the story of a woman who is seeking freedom. Edna Pontellier feels confined in her role as mother and wife and finds freedom in her romantic interest, Robert Lebrun. Although she views Robert as her liberator, he is the ultimate cause of her demise. Edna sees Robert as an image of freedom, which brings her to rebel against her role in society. This pursuit of freedom, however, causes her death. Chopin uses manyRead MoreThe Awakening Feminist Analysis1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe influence of culture within society may lead to detrimental outcomes. Oppression is not the intention of society, though through harsh political and social standards one will feel compelled to make brash decisions. Kate Chopin, author of The Awakening, provides feminist criticism of traditional motherhood, marriage, and conformity. Edna Pontellier, the female protagonist within the novel, grows to desire independence and control over her life. Throughout the st ory, Edna epitomizes a feminist attitudeRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Awakening1412 Words   |  6 Pagesand desires, reaching untamed worlds. Turning imagination into realism is denounced as an impossible being, but it s in fact the awakening to our lucid dreaming. Edna Pontellier is a woman with a heart that soared beyond the horizons into a limitless world, forced into cage by the inevitable way of life. Kate Chopin through the beautifully sculpted novel â€Å"The Awakening† condemned Edna with a mindset beyond her years, finding meaning through her unsocial actions shunned by the eyes of others. Edna

A Literature Review of Health Promotion Free Essays

Literature Review of Health Promotions Grand Canyon University NRS 429 September 12, 2010 Literature Review Traditionally the United States health care system has been sickness-oriented. However, in the last two decades, a new paradigm has emerged. This new paradigm emphasizes wellness rather than sickness. We will write a custom essay sample on A Literature Review of Health Promotion or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a result in this change in focus, health promotion is now an integral part of the nursing profession. This research paper will review current literature from three professional sources relative to the nursing profession and health promotion.This paper will analyze: 1. How is health promotion defined? 2. What is the purpose of health promotion? 3. How has the role of a nurse changed as the result of the emphasis on health promotion? 4. How are nurses implementing health promotion? 5. Identify, compare and contrast the three levels of health promotion prevention. Health promotion simply stated are the activities and behaviors that help individuals stay healthy. These behaviors and activities include self-responsibility, physical fitness, nutritional awareness and stress reduction and management. In their research for â€Å"Brunner and Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing,† Smeltzer and Bare (2006) state â€Å"health promotion can be defined as activities that by accentuating the positive assist a person to develop those resources that will maintain or enhance well-being and improve the quality of life. It refers to the activities that a person does personally in the absence of symptoms in an attempt to remain healthy. These activities do not be assistance of a member of the health care team. (Smeltzer Bare, 2006).Health promotion in the United States has a single purpose. That purpose according to Smeltzer and Bare (2006) is â€Å"to focus on the person’s potential for wellness and to encourage him or her to alter personal habits, lifestyle and environment in ways that will reduce risk and enhance health and will being. † The role of nurse’s has changed dramatically as a result of the emphasis on health promotion. Historically, nurses focused on the diagnosis and treatment of a disease, sickness or condition and emphasis on health promotion was nonexistent. However, today that has all changed.Nurses are now expected to expand their primary care services to include psychosocial nursing, advocacy, behavioral science, counseling and advocacy in addition to patient assessment, clinical diagnosis and patient-case management. In the article â€Å"Defining Nurse Practitioner Scope of Practice: Expanding Primary Care Services,† Sherwood, Brown, and Wardell (1997) state â€Å"the role of the nurse practitioner continues to evolve in response to changing societal and health care needs as consumers in all settings seek increasing services†. (Sherwood, Brown and Wardell, 1997).Nurses implement health promotion strategies in a variety of ways. Due to the high level of credibility nurse’s have with their patients, they greatly influence their patients with their passion. By emphasizing health promotion strategies such as self-responsibility, proper nutrition, exercise and stress management, nurses plant the seeds of wellness in the minds of their patients. While ultimately, it is up to the individual to make healthy changes in their lives, the role of the nurse practitioner plays a huge role in motivating individuals to adopt healthy habits.There are three levels of health promotion prevention. They are the primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention. These levels are stages of the disease process during which preventive actions can be highly effective. Primary prevention focuses on preventing illness or trauma. An example of a primary prevention intervention would be an immunization. The objective of primary prevention strategies is to reach as many individuals (who may be at risk) as possible. The majority of health promotion programs in the United States are implemented at this level.According to Liburd, Collins, Giles, et al (2007) â€Å"In the decades since chronic illnesses replaced infectious diseases as the leading causes of death, public health researchers, particularly those in the field of health promotion and chronic disease prevention, have shifted their focus from the individual to the community in recognition that community-level changes will foster and sustain individual behavior change. † Secondary prevention emphasizes early detection and intervention against illnesses and disease.An example of a secondary prevention strategy would be a screening program. The objective of secondary prevention strategies is to limit the spread of infectious diseases as well as treat those individuals identified with a disease or condition before the illnes s fully develops. According to Peek, Cargill and Huang (2007) â€Å"health care interventions improved the quality of care for racial/ethnic minorities, improved health outcomes (such as diabetes control and reduced diabetes complications), and possibly reduced health disparities in quality of care. Tertiary prevention focuses on recovery and rehabilitation after a disease, condition or illness has occurred. The objective of tertiary prevention strategies is to prevent and limit further patient deterioration resulting from a sickness, condition or disease. Joseph Betancourt and Joan Quinlan (2007) state â€Å"The paradigm of personal responsibility for one’s health, which includes the responsibility of patients to follow their physician’s instructions and adhere to their treatment plan, now carries great weight among health care providers. A careful review of the literature presented strongly indicates the fact that nurses are key components in the health promotion phenomenon. Their influence can be identified every step of the way. Their roles have changed (expanded) significantly in the last ten years. Nurses are no longer limited to explaining to individuals how to get well but also how to remain healthy. The importance of this change cannot be understated. In the article ‘The Future Role of Nursing in Health Promotion† the authors Chiverton, Votava and Tortoretti (2003) state â€Å"never before has health promotion been more important than it is today.Nurses in education, practice, and research settings participate in the advancement of health promotion not only to the mainstream but to the forefront of nursing practice. Historically, nurse educators have taught patients how to manage illness; in the future, the focus must be on teaching people how to remain healthy. † (Chiverton, Votava and Tortoretti, 2003). How to cite A Literature Review of Health Promotion, Essays

Benefits of NASA Essay Example For Students

Benefits of NASA Essay Since the beginning of time there have always been those that have opposed exploration of uncharted lands. This statement holds truth also for the NASA program since the beginning when President John F. Kennedys vision was to land a man on the moon by the end of the decade. Instead of all the opposition of NASA and questions such as, Why should we go to space? I believe people should ask themselves, Why shouldnt we go to space? Christopher Columbus didnt have to sail over the Atlantic Ocean and discover America, he could have stayed in Europe but then we may not be living in the United States of America. Christopher Columbus and many others human didnt stop but continued to explore because they are humans. We as humans have an instinctive nature to explore and discover. This is seen especially in children. When toddlers see something such as a shiny object, they investigate it by picking it up, feeling it and maybe tasting it. As we grow, it is only necessary that we as humans contin ue their search to discover and explore. If the excitement and thrill of exploration isnt enough for you, there are also many benefits that NASA and space exploration contribute. We will write a custom essay on Benefits of NASA specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The first benefit and almost the most obvious is technology. Getting into space isnt easy and takes time, money, and research. In order for the missions to be successes much technology is used, which a lot of the time also effects the rest of society. One simple example came from the question, How do you get rid of excess heat when youre standing under an open sky with literally nothing between you and the blazing fury of the Sun? NASA scientists came up with the liquid cool garment which kept the astronauts cool and comfortable from head from to toe. This cooling system was then eventually adopted by firefighters when dealing with dangerous high temperature materials, race care drivers, and soldiers in the desert. Another simple device used in about every home is the smoke detector. The smoke detector was first used and created for the Space Shuttle. These devices quite simply detect smoke which can be caused by fires and saves thousands of lives per year. Of course NASAs most visib le achievements are the ones in space, such as the space shuttle and space stations, but NASA has found itself into everyday living on Earth. Besides everyday living inventions NASA has helped out the medical field in several ways. The pacemakers used to treat cardiac patients and the remote monitoring devices for intensive care patients came from the telemetry systems that first monitored astronauts on the spacecraft. Also the portable medical equipment on ambulances came from several NASA scientists. I have only mentioned three uses out of f NASAs 30,000 applications helping Earthlings in hospitals, offices and homes. NASA also has made fabrics, such as aluminum materials to serve as insulation for satellites, and fire proof clothing. Zeolite soil is another interesting invention attributed to NASA. The study of how to grow plants in the most inhospitable location, like the moon, led to the development of a synthetic soil by JSC researchers that holds promise as a revolutionary fertilizer and soil on Earth. The list of discoveries of NASA is a list that goes on and on and is all due from space exploration. But the NASA discoveries arent all so serious and all about saving lives. For example, in football the reason for people not to get concussions every time the get knocked in the head is the cushioning inside the helmet. This same cushioning comes from aircraft passenger seats made by NASA. .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac , .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .postImageUrl , .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac , .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac:hover , .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac:visited , .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac:active { border:0!important; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac:active , .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc226f00c1fda723c105bb2c11f4ca5ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drug Addiction EssayNASA exploration is helps farmers which boosts the economy and keeps us from going hungry. NASAs Landsat satellites are designed to observe the changing conditions on the Earths surface. This satellite series began launching in 1972, and have been in operation for over 20 years. Landsats are used to manage the harvesting of fish in the worlds oceans and also being used to harvest another crop, potatoes. The satellite snaps images of potato crops in a 20,000 square-mile area of Oregon and Washington. The satellite data is used to calculate how well potato crops are doing. This helps farmers because the more potatoes there are, the less money farmers will get for their crop. If the satellite data shows there are too many potatoes, it means the price is going down, so farmers will sell their potatoes right away. NASA itself is also a benefit because its helps the economy. NASA employs 18,146 men and women across the nation. Not only does its help out only the employees but other companies in the United States especially. When NASA needed to build a space shuttle several companies came to them with ideas, models, and figures of the cost. Whoever they give the job to not only is paid but might need to buy certain materials from another company. That company might then need to buy more material or hire more workers and the chain goes on and on. When a lot of money is being transferred its effects other companies across America and usually for the better. With the Columbia disaster many people, especially politicians, once again debated the value of human space flight weighed against the cost in dollars and human lives. This can be debated back and forth but the facts are the astronauts know that they have a job to do and every launch may be their last. The reason they know about the dangers and still accept the challenges isnt because their crazy or stupid, but because they are adventurous, smart, and considerate. The Columbia was going to improve earthquake safety, cleaner air, and continue to better human life. All the astronauts on the Columbia were scientists and performing tasks from tumor growth experiments to global climate change that could only be done in Space. But even the families of the astronauts said the explorers left Earth with a willingness to accept risk in the pursuit of knowledge knowledge that might improve the quality of life for all mankind. The closest people to the astronauts, their families, who were hurt by the tragedy the most also added, the bold exploration of space must go on.NASA and space exploration will continue to go on and I believe the strength behind the program will also grow as more discoveries are made. As humans it is our nature to explore and besides that, thousands of benefits from saving lives to everyday life are attributed to NASA. The possibilities of space exploration are only limited by your imagination and we are only in the early stages of it.

Capital Structure and Corporate Performance †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Capital Structure and Corporate Performance. Answer: Introduction The assignment deals with the financial analysis of ratios of Maldives Transport and Contracting Company (MTCC). Maldives Transport and Contracting company is engaged in marine and land transport business and also has a separate division which deals with marine and land constructions. The company was one of the first public sector company which was established. The financial performance of the company is to be analyzed with the help of significant ratios. The major ratios which are to be analyzed for the company are liquidity, profitability and efficiency ratios. The analysis will be containing an insight of the capital structure of the company and stock performance of MTCC. Liquidity ratios are used to measure the liquidity of the company which means whether the business has enough liquid cash to meet the short-term liabilities of the company or not (Higgins 2012). In the liquidity ratio sub-head, the most significant ratios are current ratio, liquid ratio and cash ratio. As per the calculation shown, the current ratio of the company has first declined from 1.34 in 2014 to 1.28 in 2015 and then again increased to 1.34 in 2016. This shows that the company is more than capable of handling the short-term business requirements. If the current ratio of the company is above 1 then it signifies that the company is able to meet with the current short-term expenses of the business which MTCC has as stated above (Ahrendsen and Katchova 2012). An ideal current ratio is however 2:1, which means that the current assets must be twice of current liabilities. The quick ratio of the company shows that the ratio is on an increasing trend from 2014. The ratio increased from 0.96 in 2014 to 1.08 in 2016 as per calculations. This is a favorable result as the higher the quick ratio the more liquidity the business has and ideally quick ratio should be greater than 1. However, the ideal results of a quick ratio vary from industry to industry. The cash ratio of the company has decreased and the ratio suggest the real cash of the company is falling. The ratio however does not take into consideration account receivable and inventory and only considers cash and asset which are close to cash. The profitability ratios of the company measure the overall profitability of the company considering the significant areas such as gross profit, net profit, operating profit and similar other areas (Al Karim and Alam 2013). These ratios depict whether the company is performing well in terms of profitability or not. The gross profit ratio shows that the gross profit of the company first increases from 18.73% in 2014 to 23.84% in 2015 and then again decreases to 22% in 2016. The gross profit for the year 2016 has decreased which the company needs to improve and also analyze why the gross profit of the company fall during 2016. The net profit ratio of the company also shows a fluctuating and a similar result when compared to gross profit ratio. The net profit ratio of the company for the year 2016 show a ratio of 8.80% which is even lesser than the ratio result which was calculated for 2014 which is 10.57%. This is not a favorable sign for the business and therefore the business needs t o improve the same. Net profit ratio is a financial indicator and the company needs to improve the overall net profit of the company (Tugas 2012). The operating profit ratio also depicts a fluctuating result and has a similar result and analysis as gross profit ratio and net profit ratio of the company. The return on assets and return on equity also show unfavorable results for the company in the year 2016. The return on asset has decreased from 0.9 in 2015 to 0.8 which is shown in 2016. The return on equity also shows a decreasing trend which was 30.22% in 2015 which has reduced to 18.70% in 2016 which is even lesser than the estimate of 2014. The next group of significant ratios which are to be considered are the efficiency ratio of the company. Such type of ratios generally covers all types of asset turnover ratio of the company. The receivable turnover ratio of the company shows how efficiently the company is able to collect the credit allowed on sales by the company. an high account receivable ratio signifies that the company has a strong credit policy and all credit operations are running smoothly. The receivable turnover ratio of the company shows that the ratio has increased in 2016 which is 1.59 and the same was 1.44 in 2015. Therefore, it suggests that there has been improvement in the receivable turnover ratio or collection policy of the company as the case may be. The inventory turnover ratio shows that the ratio has significantly increased in 2016 in comparison with 2015 results. The inventory ratio of the company for the year 2016 is 4.28 which is much more than previous two years results. The higher the inven tory turnover ratio the more favorable for the business as it will then portray a strong sales structure and lesser inventory in stocks (Ehiedu 2014). While lower inventory turnover ratio shows poor sales structure and more inventory capacity at hand of the company which is being unused by the company. The asset turnover ratio of the company also shows that the ratio has increased from the previous years results (Tehrani, Mehragan and Golkani 2012). The asset turnover ratio for the year 2016 is shown at 0.89. Asset turnover ratio measures the capability of the company to generate revenue or sales in comparison to the assets of the company. The next group of ratios is the capital structure ratio which measures the components of the capital structure of the company. The debt ratio of the company shows that the companys debt ratio has decreased from the result of 2015. The debt ratio for 2015 was 0.61 which has reduced to 0.58 in 2016. From the perspective of risks debt ratios of any company are preferred to be lower as the risk is also low. In this case it can be said that it is favorable for the business of MTCC. The equity ratio shows how much equity capital has the business incorporated in the capital structure of the company. The equity ratio of the company has increased from 2015 which was 0.39 to 0.42 which is shown in 2016. This signifies that the company is now using more of equity in comparison to last year. The gearing ratio of the company shows the total debt which is used by the business in comparison to the equity capital of the business. It is similar to Debt equity ratio however it contains more variations which can provide different results. The gearing ratio of the company 7.07% in 2016 which is lower than previous year figure as the company has reduced the debts of the company. This shows that the company is payoff the debt capital and incorporating more of equity capital in the capital structure mix of the company (Babalola and Abiola 2013). The debt equity ratio of the company shows that the ratio has reduced from 1.59 in 2015 to 1.40 in 2016 which also shows that the company is reducing the debt capital of the company. With the analysis of the debt equity ratio it is evident that the company is trying to restructure the capital structure of the company and add more of equity capital in the mix. However, the full benefit of the capital structure can be extracted when a certain balance is attained between debt and equity capital funds. The stock performance ratios are related and measures the performance of the company on the basis of valuation of stock or earning per shares or market value of shares (Delen, Kuzey and Uyar 2013). Earning per share is the measure of the companys profit per share which is earned by the shareholders of the company (Brigham and Houston 2012). The earning per share of the company has fallen sharply from 312.76 in 2015 to 23.076 in 2016 which is a drastic fall. This is a serious concern for the business as if it is not improved than the companys stock prices and market valuation will repeatedly fall. The dividend payout ratio show that the ratio is much more than previous years measure which shows that the company has declared dividend in spite of low Earning per share. Price earning ratio is the measure of the price which the investor pays for $ 1 profit in the company. The price earning ratio of the company has increased from the previous year results. Recommendations The following recommendations can be offered to the company for improvement in the key financial ratios: The company needs to improve the profitability ratios which are gross profit, net profit and operating profit ratios which are financial indicators and must be improved at all cost for which the company needs to increase the sales revenue which will then increase the gross profit of the company. The company needs to improve its Eps as it is the first thing which an potential investor looks for in the financial statement as It is the measure of earning capacity of the company. The company needs to attain a balance in capital structure mix in order to fully take benefit of the same (Zeitun and Tian 2014). Any business which is planning to start or establish itself in the market needs to plan out the financial requirement which the business needs. In other words, there are certain expenses which initially which the business must incur in order to establish the business in the market (Lee, Sameen and Cowling 2015). The two most popular form of business which can be open are partnership form of business and private limited companies. A partnership form of business is a business where two or more parties cooperate together in order to run a business. In case of partnership the liability of the partners may be unlimited or limited as per the agreement in the Partnership deed (Allen and Kraakman 2016). Whereas in a Private Limited Company the shareholders are the owners of the company, however the company is operated by board of directors who are representatives of the shareholders of the company. The liability in a company is limited to the number of shares which is held by the shareholders of the company. Moreover, a company is regarded as a legal person whereas a partnership form of business does not enjoy such a right 9Burns 2016). Both the above forms of businesses require initial capital to start up the business and also long-term finances for smooth operation of the business. In case of partnership form of business, the various options of financing which are available are: Personal Savings: In a partnership form of business personal savings is an important source of finance. The partners of the firm contribute to the total capital of the firm and operates in a similar fashion whenever there is additional requirement of funds (Gbandi and Amissah 2014). In case of a startup partnership business, generally individuals resort to capital contributions which will be made by the partners of the firm to meet the start up cost of the business instead of taking a loan from banks. The amount which is contributed by the partners are the basis on which the profit which is earned by the firm is distributed among the partners unless otherwise agreed upon. Retained profits: The profits which are earned by the firm are reinvested in the business in many cases which is then used as reserves or retained earnings. However. such type of financing cannot be done in the initial years of the business but for long term financing purpose of the business (Fairfield and Jorratt De Luis 2016). This is the most productive type of financing as it does not create a burden on the business as in the case of debts and also the partners are not bringing in any capital into the business. Short term /Long term Bank loans: This is another mostly used source for financing of capital for the business. The partnership can take a loan as per the requirement of the business that is it can be short term as well as long term in nature. This source of financing can be used by the business at initial stages of the business and also in the pursuance of the long-term business objectives of the firm (Shin 2012). The financing which is done through bank loans can meet both the objectives which can be start up financing as well as long-term financing of the business. Additional Partners Capital: In many situation, there has been cases where the firm is requiring additional capital and the firm does not want to take a loan from banks then they use this technique. Whenever there is an admission of a new partner in the partnership firm, the individual brings in his share of capital for the purpose of investing in the firm and also determining the profit ratio which he is going to get. The additional capital which is brought by the new partners is used for financing purpose of projects and operation of the business. This type of financing is rarely used by firms as admission of a new partner means that the profit sharing ratio diminishes. However, it is commonly seen that a partnership business applies such techniques when a partner retires from a business so as to meet the capital requirements of the business. In case of a company form of business the most common sources of financing for a business are discussed below: Issue of Shares: The most important sources of financing for a business is through issue of shares which can be equity shares or preference share as per the requirement of the business. The company has the ability to issue shares in order to collect small amount of capital per share from potential investors (Engel and Stiebale 2014). The share capital as collected by the business is used in financing the projects of the company. Such sources of financing are useful in start up business as well as financing for the long-term business objectives. In addition to this, financing with share capital is a reliable source of financing for the business (Bobinaite and Tarvydas 2014). Bank Loan: This is another option which is available to the company which can be used for financing of the business. The company can take long- term as well as short term loans from banks for day to day operation of the business. However, lumpsum amount for loans as required by the company is not always available and the bank requires certain securities on the basis of which the bank will be allowing the loan to the company (Robb and Robinson 2014). In the startup phases of the business, company generally do not get any loan from the banks unless they provide ample amount of securities against the loan amount. Debentures: Another source of financing of the business is by issuing debentures for collecting capital. The capital which is collected with the issuance of debentures forms a part of the debt capital of the business. The capital which is collect by the use of debentures can also be used to finance projects and it can issued for collecting funds for start-up cost and also for long-term financial requirements of the business (Buigut et al. 2013). Retained Earnings. The company form of business also employs the concept of retained earnings. The company retains a part of the profit which is earned by the company during previous year and the business reinvest the profits in the business again (Serrasqueiro and Nunes 2012). The retain earnings method which is used by the business is known as plough back of profits in the business. Moreover, such method is advantageous to the company as it increases the internal strength of the company and makes the company financially strong. The retained earnings of the business depend on the amount of profit which was earned by the business in previous year. Moreover, the business cannot use such type of capital in start up financing of the business and has to resort to other means of sourcing of finance. Analysis of Equity, debt and Preference Share source of Capital Basis Equity Source of Financing Debt Source of Financing Preference Share Source of Financing Meaning This refers to the funds which are raised by the business by issuing shares which are also known as equity (Elsas, Flannery and Garfinkel 2014). Tis refers to the capital which is taken from a bank or financial institution This type of capital is similarly raised as equity sources of capital but such shares have rights of their own and are different from equity sources of capital (Gitman, Juchau and Flanagan 2015). Type of capital This is regarded as own capital of the business This is regarded as borrowed capital of the business or also known as loan capital of the business. This also forms a part of the own capital of the business (Abdulsaleh and Worthington 2013). Risks The risks which are associated with equity shares is high as equity shares are generally risky in nature (Bekaert and Harvey 2017). The risks which is associated with debts are low and debt capital are considered less risker than equity sources of capital. This type of shares are not as risky as equity shares but has certain risk factor. Return The return which is generated by equity share capital is in the form of dividends and such dividends depends on the profit which is earned by the company and also on the decision of the management. If the company is not earning profits than the company will not be paying any dividend. The return which is related to debt capital is interest which is fixed and regular in nature and generally depends on the agreement of debts of the business The return which is generated by such sources are fixed unlike equity sources of capital and they are need to be paid even if the company is earning losses. Thus, from the comparison of the above three sources of capital it can be said that the equity source of capital is very useful even though it is a risky source of capital. The consultancy business will be able to collect bulk amount of capital from equity sources and also there is no pressure of dividends in initial years even if the business earns losses. Reference Abdulsaleh, A.M. and Worthington, A.C., 2013. Small and medium-sized enterprises financing: A review of literature.International Journal of Business and Management,8(14), p.36. Ahrendsen, B.L. and Katchova, A.L., 2012. Financial ratio analysis using ARMS data.Agricultural Finance Review,72(2), pp.262-272. Al Karim, R. and Alam, T., 2013. An evaluation of financial performance of private commercial banks in Bangladesh: Ratio analysis.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(2), p.65. Allen, W.T. and Kraakman, R., 2016.Commentaries and cases on the law of business organization. Wolters Kluwer law business. 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Gitman, L.J., Juchau, R. and Flanagan, J., 2015.Principles of managerial finance. Pearson Higher Education AU. Higgins, R.C., 2012.Analysis for financial management. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Lee, N., Sameen, H. and Cowling, M., 2015. Access to finance for innovative SMEs since the financial crisis.Research policy,44(2), pp.370-380. Robb, A.M. and Robinson, D.T., 2014. The capital structure decisions of new firms.The Review of Financial Studies,27(1), pp.153-179. Serrasqueiro, Z. and Nunes, P.M., 2012. Is age a determinant of SMEs' financing decisions? Empirical evidence using panel data models.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,36(4), pp.627-654. Shin, H.S., 2012. Global banking glut and loan risk premium.IMF Economic Review,60(2), pp.155-192. Tehrani, R., Mehragan, M.R. and Golkani, M.R., 2012. A Model for Evaluating Financial Performance of Companies by Data Envelopment Analysis-A Case Study of 36 Corporations Affiliated with a Private Organization.International Business Research,5(8), p.8. Tugas, F.C., 2012. A Comparative Analysis of the Financial Ratios of Listed Firms Belonging to the Education Subsector in the Philippines for the Years 2009-2011.International Journal of Business and Social Science,3(21). Zeitun, R. and Tian, G., 2014. Capital structure and corporate performance: evidence from Jordan.